Comments on: Foot Strike, Running Shoes, Barefooting, Injuries, and Biomechanics: The Importance of Both Science and Anecdote https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html Running Shoes, Gear Reviews, and Posts on the Science of the Sport Wed, 29 Jun 2011 17:19:00 +0000 hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=5.7.11 By: Pete Larson https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238314242 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238314242 In reply to Farhan Z.

I agree – a long term acclimation study would be very cool.

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By: Pete Larson https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238317828 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238317828 In reply to Richard Ayotte.

Your experience is why I don’t think minimalism is a fad – most people I
know who have made the switch claim they will never go back, even many of
those who have been injured in the transition. Personally, I don’t see
myself ever running in a heavy shoe with a 12mm heel lift again, even if I
break my foot tomorrow. I just vastly prefer the feel of the ground
underfoot.

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By: Pete Larson https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238086680 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238086680 In reply to Farhan Z.

A few things – this is an abstract and not a peer reviewed manuscript, so
the details are not fleshed out as much as in the Lieberman paper. Second,
there is always a loading rate, even if the transient is absent. They just
measure the slope of the curve that corresponds to the time of the transient
if it were present. Third, to me the acclimation issue is a big one –
results might be different if someone is running barefoot for the first time
versus having done so for many months.

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By: Aaron https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238190113 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238190113 Hey Pete:

Here’s a link to another new study, this one done by a high schooler:  http://runningtimes.com/Articl

I’m not much of a scientist, so I won’t comment on the study.  I am just glad to see such a young kid adding to the growing list of studies on running.

Enjoy,
Aaron

Here’s the abstract: 
Rebecca Leong
First-Place: $50,000 ScholarshipColumbia River High SchoolVancouver, Washington
The Effect of Footwear Habits of Long-Distance Runners on Running-Related Injury: A Prospective Cohort
Abstract
Every
year, approximately 60 percent of long-distance runners will suffer a
running-related injury that not only temporarily affects their training,
but can also have long-term psychological and physical effects.
Following recent publications, barefoot running has gained attention for
its claim to reduce running-related injury and promote a natural
running stride. This study directly compares injury rates between
barefoot and shod runners, and for the first time quantitatively
evaluates the risk present in transitioning from shod to barefoot
running. The following question will be examined: How does footwear
habit (barefoot, transitioning or shod) affect the injury rates of
long-distance runners? A series of surveys were e-mailed to participants
to record running habits and injuries suffered over a course of 12
weeks. The data supported that runners transitioning from shod to
barefoot running had the highest prevalence, with an average of 32
percent of its runners in an injured state each week. Shod runners had
the lowest prevalence, with 21 percent and barefoot runners (prevalence
of 29 percent) were in the middle. Furthermore, relative risk
calculations, which are based on a ratio of prevalence, showed that
barefoot runners are 1.35 times as likely to suffer an injury as shod
runners. Transitioning runners are 1.48 times as likely as shod runners
to suffer an injury. This study supports that shod running presents the
lowest risk of injury for distance runners. Despite recent speculation,
barefoot running in industrialized countries does not appear to reduce
running-related injury. Thus it is not recommended that healthy runners
transition to barefoot running for the sole purpose of reducing injury
risk.

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By: Richard Ayotte https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238207271 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238207271 I went from shod to minimalist about 2 years ago and the debate is pretty much over for me. I know, just an another anecdote but I can’t imagine, landing on my heel today even though I did it at 100km/week for 8 years prior. There are a few things that I noticed during the transition that have not come up.

When I was a heel striker, with big shoes (NB 1050) my quads would get sore much much quicker and the soreness could last for days (DOMS) depending on how hard I pushed. Now with a forefoot strike and minimal shoes (Merrell Barefoot Trail Glove) I can run for hours, hard! and not have sore quads at all. My Achilles are sometimes a little sore but nothing like the quad pain that I got when heel striking.

The other thing that I’m curious about is the affect that forefoot striking has on the calf muscles. Does a forefoot striker end up have larger calf muscles and if so, how does the extra weight affect performance?

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By: Pete Larson https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238087208 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238087208 In reply to Farhan Z.

I should also re-emphasize that Lieberman essentially showed the same thing
with regard to VILR. It was the impact peak that he found to be absent.

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By: Farhan Z https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238094154 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238094154 In reply to Pete Larson.

Thanks for clearing that up! It would be nice to see some research on runners who have transitioned from shod to barefoot running.

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By: Pete Larson https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238318434 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238318434 In reply to Richard Ayotte.

Also, good questions about quads and calves, and I don’t have an answer. I
don’t know that my calves have necessary gotten larger, but they feel more
toned. An MRI study should be able to answer this pretty easily.

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By: Jeff Bradford https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238853778 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238853778 Another great post Pete. I’m a little confused about this study, and many other studies out there. I’ll preface my comment with an obvious observation: I am not a scientist. Having said that, it seems any study can be changed/designed to obtain the desired results. In other words, it appears that these PhD’s can “load the deck” as it were in order to “prove” whatever fact they want to.
I would guess that the designers of the study headed by James Becker are no fans of the barefoot “movement” and they set out to “prove” that unshod running is no better than shod. I came to this conclusion due to the fact that they had habitually shod runners perform the unshod running (as you pointed out).
Now I am not a barefoot runner, but I do realize that there is a definite adjustment period when switching from shod to unshod. Speaking from experience, when I switched from a heel-striking gait to a midfoot/forefoot strike I had a rather long adjustment period. I can imagine that the adjustment from shod to barefoot is longer. If you ever see someone who has been running barefoot for a while you’ll realize there is a definite technique involved that, when done “correctly”, looks like art in motion.
Anyhoo, it seems there aren’t any unbiased studies out there to honestly examine the effect of shod vs. unshod running. Again, I am no science guy, but in order to have a good study don’t you need a rather large group of individuals to test (definitely more than 11)? Wouldn’t they need 3 groups (habitually shod, habitually unshod, and a control group) of runners to test to get to the bottom of this question?
I am honestly curious about this. Do scientists have to meet certain criteria in order to be able to present their “findings” to other scientists and the public? If they do, do you think the criteria is stringent enough?
Pete, if you’ve already talked about this in a previous post I’m sorry to have not done my homework. There are just so many “studies” out there that claim to prove/disprove the benefits of a more “natural” running style. It can get a little frustrating.
For the individual n=1, it is all about experimenting to determine what is best for you and your body. For me, its all about minimal shoes and a midfoot/forefoot striking pattern. It has made ALL the difference. I have never enjoyed running as much as I do now. (Sorry for the LONG post Pete)

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By: david https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238351514 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238351514 Pete, I guess I would be classified in the more radical side of the spectrum.  However, I am not one of the bitter barefoot hippies that make us bare footers look bad. I began my minimal movement about a year ago wearing old water shoes.  My chronic injuries disappeared, and so I burned out the forefoot on those in a couple hundred miles.  Since I did not have the money for anything else besides my old Nikes, I ran barefoot and absolutely loved the feel of the ground under my feet.  I bought some ZEM “shoes”, and, although they are constructed a bit weird, log most of my miles on them.  They provide good ground feel (i.e. stepping on small stones hurts) but do protect my now leather skinned feet.  This crazy setup works great for me; I haven’t run in any cushioned shoes in about 6 months.  I understand that this will not work from everyone.  I’m very young, so my Achilles tendon was not too compressed, and I acclimated quickly.  Other people need cushioning, and this is understood.  However, I think that no one should need more shoe than a Kinvara provides.  On the subject of the different muscles used to run correctly:  As flammon said, quads are not really used.  All my running is in my ligaments, calfs, and arches.  If I stay under a pace where my breathing rate does not increase, then I can run indefinitely.   The biggest plus:  running the way we evolved is much more fun. 

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By: Farhan Z https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238083997 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238083997 Good discussion Pete. It has been a controversial issue and with these new results it has become even more controversial.What I find interesting in this new research in the way it differs in its results from that of Lieberman et al. 2010 paper. According to Lieberman the impact transient was lacking in FFS during barefoot toe-heel-toe runners compared to RFS during shod and barefoot heel-toe running. However, according to this paper both groups have shown a distinct impact transient (similar VILR). Was the original study bogus or is this study somehow came up with the bad results? Or did one of them chose the sample that suited their hypothesis. It is hard to know right now. I am a barefoot fan myself and have transitioned to VFF and minimalistic shoes but until yesterday I was very confident when I mentioned the results of the Lieberman’s study to people who wanted to understand the benefits of barefoot running. Unfortunately, with these new results, I am not so sure anymore as to which study results I should rely on.

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By: Jeff Bradford https://runblogger.com/2011/06/foot-strike-running-shoes-barefooting.html#comment-238966457 Tue, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost/runblogger/wordpress/?p=448#comment-238966457 In reply to Pete Larson.

I totally agree with you on this Pete. I injured myself in April while transitioning to a more “minimal/natural” running gait with a midfoot/forefoot strike (like most I’d been a heel-striker for most of my life). I was stupid and went from running 3-4 miles every 2-3 days to running 7 miles one day then 6 miles the next. My new running “style” just allowed me to enjoy it so much more than I ever had before, and I did too much too fast. I’ve since recovered and am sticking to a 10% plan to get me to the CIM in December. I’ll never go back! I love running free and light too much to ever buy the “gold standard” 12mm heel lift heavily-cushioned shoes again.

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